Complex Sentences

A complex sentence is one which consists of at least a minimum of one dependent clause and one independent clause, combined by a subordinating conjunction.

What Is a Complex Sentence?

A complex sentence is a sentence that contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. An independent clause is a group of words that can stand alone as a sentence, while a dependent clause cannot stand alone as a sentence and relies on the independent clause to give it meaning.

The dependent clause is usually connected to the independent clause by a subordinating conjunction such as “because,” “since,” “when,” “although,” “while,” “if,” “that,” “who,” “whom,” “whose,” “which,” “where,” “whether” etc.

Example:
“I will go to the store, if I finish my work on time.” In this sentence “I will go to the store” is independent clause and “if I finish my work on time” is dependent clause.

Complex sentences allow for more varied and nuanced expression, as they can convey multiple ideas, conditions, or timeframes at once.

Points to Be Remembered When Forming Complex Sentences

• A complex sentence follows a particular structure. It should have at least one independent clause and one subordinate clause.
• When forming a complex sentence, make sure you use a subordinating conjunction to link them together. If the subordinating conjunction is used in between the two clauses, you need not use a comma before the conjunction. In case the subordinating conjunction appears in the beginning of a sentence forming a dependent clause, use a comma after it.
• You can also make use of relative pronouns to form relative clauses which are also subordinate clauses. That means, a sentence with a relative clause and an independent clause can also pass off as a complex sentence. When using a relative clause, make sure you enclose them within commas. They are mostly some extra information about the subject or object in the sentence.
  

Examples of Complex Sentences

1. Although I was tired, I stayed up late to finish the project.
2. While I was cooking dinner, the power went out.
3. She will visit her grandparents, if they are feeling better.
4. The storm passed by quickly, but the damage was severe.
5. He was offered the job, but he turned it down because the pay was too low.
6. I can’t believe it’s been a year since we last saw each other.
7. The book was interesting, as I had expected.
8. Since it was raining, we decided to stay inside.
9. She will be able to go on the trip, once she saves enough money.
10. The concert was delayed because of the artist’s illness.
11. He will do well on the exam, as long as he studies.
12. I would love to go to the beach, if it wasn’t so cold.
13. The store will be closed, while they restock the shelves.
14. The movie was good, but it was too long.
15. She will meet her friends, if they are available.
16. I was impressed by his performance, despite the technical difficulties.
17. The food was delicious, as the chef promised.
18. Since he is new to the city, he needs a tour guide.
19. We will go to the park, unless it rains.
20. The party was a success, because of the great food and music.